Breathing Respiration and Examination

Breathing Respiration and Examination

Breathing, Heart, and Lungs

An anxious patient is having rapid and shallow breathing. After a few moments, he complains of a tingling sensation.

• What could be the causes of this tingling sensation?
• What are the various patterns of respiration and their significance?
• Ethnicity and culture influence risk factors for heart disease. Do you agree? Why or why not?
• What is the technique of percussion and palpation of the chest wall for tenderness, symmetry, bulges, fremitus, and thoracic expansion? Explain.
• Would you anticipate hearing hyper-resonance on a patient with a history of tobacco use? Why or why not?
• What are the mechanics of breathing with reference to lung borders and the anatomical structure of the lungs and diaphragm?

APA

Breathing Respiration and Examination – The tingling sensation experienced by the patient could be caused by hyperventilation, a common response to anxiety or panic attacks. Hyperventilation leads to a decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood, causing respiratory alkalosis, which can result in tingling sensations in the extremities, dizziness, and lightheadedness. This condition, known as paresthesia, occurs due to the altered balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide, affecting nerve function.

Patterns of Respiration and Their Significance

There are various patterns of respiration, each with different clinical implications:

1. Eupnea: Normal breathing rate and rhythm.
2. Tachypnea: Rapid, shallow breathing, often associated with fever, pain, or respiratory distress.
3. Bradypnea: Abnormally slow breathing, which can be related to drug overdose or neurological conditions.
4. Hyperventilation: Increased rate and depth of breathing, often seen in anxiety or metabolic acidosis.
5. Cheyne-Stokes Respiration: Cycles of increasing and decreasing depth of respiration followed by periods of apnea, often associated with heart failure or…

Breathing Respiration and Examination – The tingling sensation experienced by the patient could be caused by hyperventilation, a common response to anxiety or panic attacks. Hyperventilation leads to a decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood, causing respiratory alkalosis, which can result in tingling sensations in the extremities, dizziness, and lightheadedness. This condition, known as paresthesia, occurs due to the altered balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide, affecting nerve function.

Patterns of Respiration and Their Significance

There are various patterns of respiration, each with different clinical implications:

1. Eupnea: Normal breathing rate and rhythm.
2. Tachypnea: Rapid, shallow breathing, often associated with fever, pain, or respiratory distress.
3. Bradypnea: Abnormally slow breathing, which can be related to drug overdose or neurological conditions.
4. Hyperventilation: Increased rate and depth of breathing, often seen in anxiety or metabolic acidosis.
5. Cheyne-Stokes Respiration: Cycles of increasing and decreasing depth of respiration followed by periods of apnea, often associated with heart failure or…