Differentiating Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Differentiating Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Review the sections in the DSM-5-TR related to ASD, social communication disorder, and ADHD.
Review the articles related to these disorders found in the Learning Resources.

Post a response to the following:

Explain how to differentiate between ASD and social communication disorder and ADHD.
Describe the target behaviors for each.
Explain the implications of medication and policy in relation to these diagnoses (e.g., activating an IEP, ADA related policies, funding).

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). DSM-5-TR online assessment measures. Links to an external site.https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm/educational-resources/assessment-measures
Scattolin, M. A. de A., Resegue, R. M., & do Rosário, M. C. (2022). The impact of the environment on neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood.Links to an external site. Jornal de Pediatria, 98(Suppl. 1), S66–S72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.11.002
Topal, Z., Demir S. N., Taskiran, S., Tufan, A. E., & Semerci, B. (2018). Social communication disorder: A narrative review on current insights.Links to an external site. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 14, 2039–2046. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S121124

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Characteristics: ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Symptoms typically manifest in early childhood and vary widely in severity.
Key Differentiators: The presence of repetitive behaviors and restricted interests is unique to ASD compared to social communication disorder (SCD) or ADHD.
Target Behaviors: Challenges in social reciprocity, nonverbal communication, understanding relationships, and exhibiting repetitive behaviors or intense interests.

Characteristics: SCD primarily involves difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication in social contexts, such as taking turns in conversation, understanding idiomatic expressions, or adapting communication to different social situations.
Key Differentiators: Unlike ASD, SCD lacks restricted or repetitive behaviors. It focuses solely on social communication deficits.
Target Behaviors: Impairments in pragmatic language skills, such as initiating and maintaining conversations, interpreting figurative language, and responding to social cues.

Characteristics: ADHD is characterized by persistent patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning across multiple settings.
Key Differentiators: ADHD does not involve social communication deficits or repetitive behaviors. Challenges lie in executive functioning rather than social interaction.
Target Behaviors: Impulsivity, distractibility, difficulty sustaining attention, excessive talking, and…