Jewish Teachings Overview

Jewish Teachings Overview

Present the Jewish teaching on the following  themes. How these themes are understood in Judaism.

• 1) Pain & Suffering – (Purposes, Causes, & Solutions)
• 2) Freedom & Free Will – Exodus 5:1, 8:1, 9:1 & Ezekiel 18

• Each must be explained in at least one paragraph with at least 2 direct quotations, with accompanying in-text citations from a resource found on the “Judaism Resources”

Incorporate 2 different sources.

Download Rubric – Judaism Discussion.pd

Check our essay writing services here

APA

Answer

1) Pain & Suffering – (Purposes, Causes, & Solutions)

In Jewish teaching, pain and suffering are acknowledged as integral aspects of the human experience, often serving as catalysts for spiritual growth and moral development. Traditional Jewish thought suggests that suffering can have various purposes, including testing faith, refining character, and fostering empathy towards others. The Talmud states, “All suffering that comes upon the world is for the sake of the righteous” (Berakhot 5a). This suggests that suffering can serve a greater good, often benefiting the community or humanity at large. Additionally, the Book of Job is a prime example of grappling with the existence of suffering and the reasons behind it, indicating that divine wisdom may transcend human understanding. The concept of tikkun olam, or “repairing the world,” emphasizes the Jewish responsibility to alleviate suffering where possible. In the face of personal pain, Jewish teachings advocate for resilience, community support, and turning to prayer as solutions to cope with suffering. As articulated in the Book of Psalms, “The Lord is close to the brokenhearted and saves those who are crushed in spirit” (Psalms 34:18), illustrating that divine presence and human community are vital in navigating pain. Jewish Teachings Overview

Sources:

• Berenbaum, M., & Skolnik, F. (Eds.). (2007). The Encyclopedia Judaica.
• Jaffe, R. (2011). Judaism and Suffering: Thematic Discussions.

2) Freedom & Free Will – Exodus 5:1, 8:1, 9:1 & Ezekiel 18

The themes of freedom and free will are central to Jewish identity and are intricately tied to the Exodus narrative. In Exodus 5:1, Moses confronts Pharaoh, demanding, “Let my people go, so that they may hold a festival to me in the wilderness,” emphasizing the pursuit of freedom not only from physical slavery but also for spiritual liberation. The idea of free will is crucial in understanding Jewish ethics, as individuals are seen as responsible for their choices and actions. Ezekiel 18 further reinforces this notion, stating, “The soul who sins is the one who will die. The child will not share the guilt of the parent, nor will the parent share the guilt of the child” (Ezekiel 18:20). This verse underlines the principle of individual responsibility and the power of choice, affirming that each person has the autonomy to choose between good and evil. In Judaism, freedom is not merely the absence of oppression but is deeply connected to moral responsibility, suggesting that true freedom is achieved through adherence to the commandments (mitzvot) that guide ethical behavior. As Rabbi Jonathan Sacks notes, “Freedom is not just the absence of restraint but the presence of a moral compass” (Sacks, 2005), highlighting that free will must be exercised in alignment with ethical principles. Jewish Teachings Overview

Sources:

• Sacks, J. (2005). The Dignity of Difference: How to Avoid the Clash of Civilizations.
• Schwartz, H. (2013). Freedom and Responsibility in Jewish Thought.